How to Can Food: Do’s and Don’ts

Canned food is enjoying a surge in popularity, with families all across America learning how to can pickles or how to can salsa together. Here are some tips to use with your favorite canned food.

DON’T

  • Select overripe fruits or vegetables. The idea is to preserve vegetables at the height of their freshness and quality. Also, the quality will likely decrease with time if you begin with low quality ingredients.
  • Add too many spices and seasonings. A sterile environment is incredibly important when canning, and these ingredients contain bacteria that can become dangerous when used in very large amounts.
  • Add butter. Butter and other fat can result in an unstable environment, increasing the risk of spoilage and slowing the rate of heat transfer
  • Pour boiling hot liquid into cold jars. The quick change in temperature could cause the glass to shatter.

DO

  • Clean, clean, clean your equipment. If you will be processing your jars for less than 10 minutes, you must sterilize your jars. Unsterilized canning equipment puts you at risk for botulism, an extremely dangerous form of food poisoning.
  • Only use flat tops once. But feel free to recycle the screw bands.
  • If directed, add acid like lemon juice, vinegar, and citric acid when canning tomatoes or tomato products. This will reduce the risk of botulism.
  • Check for perfect closures and jars. Jars won’t seal correctly if they are cracked or broken. Always check the seal of your jar for tautness.

Also remember that with canning, it is better to be safe than sorry. Educate yourself as much as possible and study canning and pickling recipes before you begin. It is important to stay diligent and committed to safe canning practices. With a little preparation, soon you will be enjoying your own canned fruits and vegetables.

Source:

  • “How Do I?… Can”, The National Center For Food Preservation 

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How to Can Food Safely

According to an article published by The Wall Street Journal, the number of Americans who have started canning their own food has gone up dramatically in recent years. In fact, one retailer who sells canning equipment saw a 30% increase in canning equipment sales in 2009. The writers of The Wall Street Journal speculate that one of the reasons more people are canning their own food is because many have started growing their own fruits and vegetables to embrace a more natural, healthful lifestyle. If you’re interested in canning your own food, safety should be your primary concern. Here’s an introduction to how to can food safely:

Home Canning Processes

Depending on what type of food you’ll be canning, you can either use a boiling water canner or a pressure canner. Boiling water canning generally works well with foods that are high in acidity, including pickles, fruit (including jam and jelly), and sauerkraut. Pressure canning is ideal for foods that have a low acidity level because these foods require a higher canning temperature for proper sterilization. Pressure canners use steam to sterilize food at 240 degrees, which is the temperature needed to kill bacteria in low acidic foods. Some foods that are low in acidity are most types of meat, seafood, and most vegetables except for tomatoes.

Pressure canning is the safest method of canning, no matter what type of food you’re trying to preserve. If you want to eliminate the possibility that harmful yeast, mold, and bacteria will contaminate your canned food, you should definitely consider preserving your food with a pressure canner.

General Pressure Canning Safety Tips

If you’ve never used your pressure canner before or haven’t used it in a while, it’s a good idea to take it to your local Cooperative Extension System office to have its dial gauge tested for accuracy. If you discover that the dial gauge isn’t working properly, you’ll need to order a new one to ensure that your pressure canner is able to achieve the right level of pressure. Additionally, you should also clean the gasket on your pressure canner thoroughly, based on manufacturer instructions. Between uses, make sure the gasket stays clean, and if it becomes damaged in some way, replace it. As you’re canning food, you’ll need to make adjustments on the weighted gauge and dial gauge if you live at an altitude that’s higher than 1000 feet above sea level. Higher altitudes affect the pressure and temperature achieved inside a pressure canner.

Before you start canning, make sure you research the canning process thoroughly. The National Center for Home Food Preservation’s website provides step-by-step instructions for safe home canning, and it provides tips on adjustments you’ll need to make based on altitude. So, take all the necessary safety measures, and enjoy your canned food!

Sources:

  • “Preserving Food: Using Pressure Canners,” National Center for Home Food Preservation
  • “Putting Up Produce: Yes, You Can,” Ana Campoy, The Wall Street Journal
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